Naval Aircraft Factory PBN-1 Nomad

The Naval Aircraft Factory PBN-1 Nomad was an improved version of the Consolidated Catalina, produced by the same facility that had produced the design for the XPY-1, the first flying boat to be produced by Consolidated and a direct ancestor of the Catalina. The Nomad was produced in small numbers in 1943-45 and most were used by the Soviet Union.

Naval Aircraft Factory PBN Nomad from below
Naval Aircraft Factory
PBN Nomad from below

The sources disagree on the exact order of events. In some the Naval Aircraft Factory produced a series of suggested design changes for the Catalina which would have been too disruptive to be introduced on the existing production lines at a time when every available aircraft was needed for the neutrality patrols in the Atlantic. The NAF production line was thus set up to produce the modified design. In other sources the NAF was ordered to set up a production line, and then suggested the changes that would produce the Nomad. 

The main external changes were made to the nose, the tail and the hull afterbody or lower hull (the triangular wedge that ran back from the vicinity of the wing to a point just in front of the tunnel gun on the PBY-5, and made up the rear half of the part of the Catalina that would be submerged when on the water).

The nose was extended slightly, and re-shaped to give the Nomad a clipper bow. A new spherical retractable power turret was added, carrying one .50in calibre gun. This may have been an improvement on the open turret of the early Catalinas, but was not as good as the eyeball turret introduced late in the production of the PBY-5A, and was not adopted in the PBY-6A. The bombardier’s window was now protected by clam-shell doors.

The lower hull was extended backwards by 56 inches, moving the tip of the angle from a position below the end of the waist blisters, to one closer to the start of the tail. As a result the tunnel gun was removed. The changes to the nose and lower hull improved the water-handling of the aircraft.

Naval Aircraft Factory PBN Nomad from the left
Naval Aircraft Factory
PBN Nomad from the left

Both the vertical and horizontal parts of the tail were redesigned. The vertical part was made taller, but narrower, reducing the length of the tail, and also increasing the steepness of the front. The aft fuselage does not appear to have been made any longer, but the new steeper tail does sometimes give that impression.

As a result of these changes the Nomad was 9.5in longer than the PBY-5A.

Naval Aircraft Factory PBN Nomad from the rear
Naval Aircraft Factory PBN Nomad from the rear

Less visible changes included the strengthening of the wing to allow the installation of two more fuel tanks (giving the Nomad a capacity of 2,095 gallons internally), new more streamlined stabiliser floats and an improved electrical system.

Work on the PBN-1 Nomad proceeded slowly. Work at the Naval Aircraft Factory began in July 1941, but the first aircraft was not completed until February 1943. The last of the 156 Nomads was not delivered until March 1945.

Only seventeen of these aircraft were used by the US Navy. The remaining 139 aircraft were sent to the Soviet Union under lend-lease, where they joined an unknown number of Catalinas built under license as the GST. 

Some of the improvements developed for the PBN-1 Nomad was also introduced on the PBY-6A (the final Consolidated version of the Catalina) and on the Boeing of Canada PB2B-2, although this aircraft was a flying boat, rather than an amphibian.

Engine: R-1830-92
Power: 1,200 at take off, 1,050 normally
Top speed: 186mph
Range: 2,590 miles
Ceiling: 15,100ft
Gross weight: 38,000lbs
Length: 64ft 8in

US Navy PBY Catalina Units of the Pacific War, Louis B Dorny Osprey Combat Aircraft 62. This entry in the Combat Aircraft series looks at the varied uses of the Catalina in the Pacific theatre, where it served as successfully as a long range reconnaissance aircraft, a night bomber (the "Black Cat") and on air-sea rescue, or Dumbo duties. The text is well supported with first hand accounts, contemporary photographs and full colour illustrations. [see more]
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How to cite this article: Rickard, J (29 August 2008), Naval Aircraft Factory PBN-1 Nomad , http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/weapons_PBN_nomad.html

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